Journal of Economic Growth and Development Review
pISSN 3062-9209 |eISSN 3062-9217 Journal of Economic Growth and Development Review is a scientific journal and open access published by Professorline International Publisher. The journal aims to publish research findings and current reviews on economic growth and development issues in Indonesia and the world. The journal also strives to be a medium of communication and discussion among academics, researchers, practitioners, and policymakers who are interested in these topics.
Contribution of Port, Offshore, and Marine Energy Projects to Economic Growth
This journal examines the strategic contribution of port infrastructure, offshore engineering, and marine renewable energy projects to economic growth and sustainable development through an interdisciplinary analytical framework. It evaluates their roles in expanding trade, generating employment, fostering industrial clusters, advancing technological innovation, and strengthening national energy resilience. The study finds that modern ports enhance logistics efficiency, reduce transportation costs, increase export capacity, and attract foreign direct investment, while also stimulating supporting industries such as warehousing, shipbuilding, and digital logistics services. Offshore engineering projects including oil and gas platforms, subsea pipelines, and offshore wind installations create high skilled employment, encourage technology transfer, and strengthen domestic manufacturing and marine construction sectors. Meanwhile, marine renewable energy such as offshore wind, tidal, and wave power supports low carbon economic transitions, promotes energy diversification, and expands electricity access in remote coastal and island regions. Collectively, the integration of these maritime sectors accelerates GDP growth, strengthens regional connectivity, enhances coastal industrialization, and improves long-term economic competitiveness, particularly in coastal and archipelagic nations, positioning maritime development as a central pillar of sustainable blue economy expansion.
Hak Cipta (c) 2026 Journal of Economic Growth and Development Review
Maritime Industry Development and Social Exclusion of Local Communities in Coastal Areas
The development of the maritime industry is one of the important strategies in supporting national economic growth, especially in archipelagic countries such as Indonesia. This development includes the development of ports, coastal industrial estates, and marine infrastructure designed using a marine engineering approach. However, in addition to having a positive impact in the form of increasing economic activity and regional connectivity, the development of the maritime industry also has the potential to cause social exclusion for coastal local communities. Social exclusion can occur due to reduced public access to marine resources, changes in livelihoods, and changes in the coastal environment due to the development of marine infrastructure such as breakwater and reclamation. From the perspective of marine engineering, coastal development not only emphasizes the technical aspects of construction, but must also consider environmental and social impacts through the application of sustainable development concepts and integrated coastal area management. Therefore, the integration of marine engineering planning, environmental protection, and local community empowerment is key in creating sustainable and inclusive maritime industry development.
Maritime Economic Transformation through Marine Engineering Innovation
Maritime economic transformation is one of the important strategies in encouraging sustainable economic growth, especially for archipelagic countries with large potential for marine resources. Innovation in the field of marine engineering plays a significant role in increasing efficiency, productivity, and added value in the maritime sector. This article discusses the role of marine engineering innovation in driving maritime economic transformation through the development of coastal and offshore infrastructure, the use of modern marine technology, and the improvement of the quality of human resources. The discussion shows that the integration of marine engineering innovation with maritime economic policies is able to strengthen competitiveness, create entrepreneurial opportunities, and support sustainable blue economy development.
Marine Technology Innovation and Sustainable Economic Development
Marine technology innovation plays a crucial role in supporting sustainable economic development, particularly in coastal and maritime regions. Advances in marine engineering, offshore structures, renewable ocean energy, and digital marine technologies have contributed to increased productivity, efficiency, and resilience within the maritime sector. This study examines the relationship between marine technology innovation and sustainable economic development by highlighting the roles of human capital, technological advancement, and entrepreneurial activities in the marine industry. Using a qualitative literature-based approach, this study analyzes academic publications, policy reports, and relevant case studies related to marine technology and the blue economy. The findings indicate that marine technology innovation enhances economic growth by optimizing the use of marine resources, reducing environmental impacts, and creating new opportunities for maritime entrepreneurship and employment. Furthermore, sustainable marine development depends on the integration of technological innovation with skilled human resources and supportive institutional frameworks. This study emphasizes the importance of marine technology innovation as a strategic driver for achieving sustainable and inclusive economic development in the maritime sector.
Globalization, Maritime Trade, and Foreign Direct Investment: Impacts on Ocean-Based Economic Growth and Development
The expansion of globalization, international maritime trade, and foreign direct investment (FDI) has significantly reshaped the structure of ocean-based economies worldwide. As coastal and maritime nations seek sustainable growth, the blue economy has emerged as a strategic framework integrating economic development with environmental stewardship. This paper critically examines how globalization, maritime trade, and FDI influence economic growth and development in ocean-based sectors, including fisheries, ports, shipping, marine tourism, aquaculture, and offshore energy. Drawing on literature review and policy analysis, the study highlights both opportunities and challenges associated with global integration. While increased trade and FDI can stimulate technological transfer, infrastructure development, employment creation, and market access, they also pose risks such as resource overexploitation, environmental degradation, unequal benefit distribution, and dependency on multinational corporations. The paper argues that sustainable maritime development requires balanced governance, inclusive policies, and strategic investment in human capital, technology, and local entrepreneurship. It concludes by offering policy recommendations to ensure that globalization and FDI contribute not only to economic growth but also to equitable and environmentally responsible ocean-based development.
Sources and Drivers of Economic Growth in the Fisheries Sector: An Analysis of Investment, Innovation, and Market Demand
This research demonstrates that the economic growth of the fisheries sector is underpinned by a synergistic interaction among investment, innovation, and market demand. Investment not only expands capacity directly but also enhances innovation capabilities that produce additional growth dividends. Market demand acts as an external driver that spurs producers to expand, upgrade, and diversify. The study achieves its aims: quantifying the relative contributions of the three drivers, revealing the mediating role of innovation, and uncovering spatial and subsectoral heterogeneity. From a policy perspective, the results point to the need for coordinated strategies: capital support, innovation encouragement, and market linkage must be advanced in tandem and adapted to regional contexts.
Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Journal of Economic Growth and Development Review
Reindustrializing Indonesia: Human Capital, Innovation, and Entrepreneurial Growth in a Changing Industrial Landscape
As emerging economies grapple with post-pandemic recovery and long-term development challenges, the call to "reindustrialize" has gained renewed attention. This paper examines how human capital, technological innovation, and entrepreneurship function as core drivers of industrial transformation, using Indonesia as a case example. Drawing on literature review and policy analysis, it highlights how workforce readiness, innovation ecosystems, and entrepreneurial infrastructure interact within national strategies. While Indonesia has launched bold initiatives in industrial downstreaming, vocational education, and SME digitization, its efforts are constrained by institutional fragmentation, skills mismatches, and uneven regional development. The study argues that successful reindustrialization in emerging economies requires an integrated, people-centered approach one that connects talent with technology and local innovation with global competitiveness. It concludes by offering policy recommendations to align human development, technological capability, and entrepreneurship in support of sustainable and inclusive industrial growth
Disempowered by Design: Information Inequality in the Age of Inclusive Growth
In an era where inclusive growth has become a global development mantra, this study critically examines a frequently overlooked dimension: information inequality. While infrastructure expansion and digital inclusion are often presented as pathways to empowerment, this research argues that many development efforts are structured in ways that silence marginalized voices, particularly in peripheral regions. Using a qualitative approach combining critical discourse analysis, interviews, and case studies from remote areas in Indonesia the study explores how development communication practices reflect and reproduce power imbalances. Findings reveal that dominant narratives frame poverty as a technical issue, exclude communities from meaningful participation, and centralizing communicative control in elite institutions. At the same time, grassroots actors engage in alternative communication strategies, highlighting their agency and resilience. The study concludes that true inclusion requires not just access, but the redistribution of communicative power, enabling communities to shape the narratives and policies that define their futures. Communication, therefore, must be recognized not merely as a channel, but as a site of justice, voice, and democratic engagement in the age of inclusive growth.
Economic Growth at the Edge of the Sea: The Political Economy and History of Coastal Fisheries in Indonesia’s 3T Regions (3T: Disadvantaged, Frontier, and Outermost Regions).
This study explores the political economy and historical roots of economic growth in Indonesia’s coastal fisheries, with a focus on the country's 3T regions (disadvantaged, frontier, and outermost). Drawing on qualitative field data and critical policy analysis, the research reveals how historical marginalization, market dependency, legal exclusion, and fragmented governance have shaped uneven development trajectories in these regions. Despite rich marine resources and integration into global seafood markets, small-scale fishers in 3T areas often remain economically insecure and politically invisible. The study highlights how growth has been promoted through centralized, extractive models that prioritize production and capital investment while neglecting community rights and local institutions. However, it also identifies local strategies of resistance, adaptation, and institutional innovation suggesting that endogenous, community-driven growth is possible when socio-political conditions are supportive. By situating fisheries development within a political economy framework, the research calls for a more inclusive and territorially grounded approach to maritime development, one that recognizes coastal communities not as passive beneficiaries, but as central agents in shaping sustainable and just growth. Keywords: Political economy; Coastal fisheries; 3T regions (disadvantaged, frontier, outermost); Marine governance; Inclusive development.
Socio‑Cultural Capital and Endogenous Growth in Coastal Capture Fisheries: A Study of Sangihe, North Sulawesi
This study examines the role of socio-cultural capital as a driver of endogenous economic growth in coastal capture fisheries, focusing on the Sangihe Islands in North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Based on qualitative fieldwork, including interviews, participant observation, and community profiling, the research identifies six key mechanisms through which social and cultural factors support local economic development: intergenerational knowledge transfer, customary resource governance, trust-based labor and credit systems, communal risk management, cultural identity as economic motivation, and internal differentiation within social structures. These findings show that economic growth in Sangihe is deeply embedded in informal institutions and cultural practices, which function as productive assets. By framing growth as an internally driven process rooted in local relationships and values, the study offers a more holistic and context-sensitive understanding of development in small-scale fisheries. The results carry significant implications for policy, highlighting the need to recognize, protect, and integrate socio-cultural capital into strategies for sustainable and inclusive coastal development.
The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Supply Chain Management Transformation Economic and Business Implications
This study explores the economic and business implications of implementing artificial intelligence (AI) in supply chain management. Using a mixed-methods approach that combines in-depth case studies of eight multinational companies, a survey of 312 supply chain professionals from 23 countries, and a panel data analysis of 128 companies over a five-year period (2018-2023), the study identifies four key dimensions of AI-driven economic transformation. The results show that AI implementation results in operational cost restructuring with an average reduction of 24% after 36 months, predictive efficiency improvements with forecast accuracy increasing by 37.8%, workforce reconfiguration with a shift from routine operational positions (-18.7%) to highly technical and analytical positions (+24.3%), and business model transformation with the emergence of AI-powered services that have 42.7% higher profit margins than traditional businesses. These findings illustrate a fundamental shift in the supply chain economy, where value comes not only from cost efficiency but also from increased resilience, workforce productivity, and the creation of new value propositions. This research contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of how digital transformation is changing the economic and business landscape in the context of global supply chains, with important implications for corporate strategy, employment policy, and competition regulation.
The Role of Social Capital in Entrepreneurial Success in the Digital Economy
This study explores the role of social capital in entrepreneurial success in the context of Indonesia’s digital economy. Social capital, encompassing social networks, trust, and norms of reciprocity, has become a critical factor in the rapidly growing digital entrepreneurship ecosystem. Using a mixed methods approach that combines a survey of 150 digital entrepreneurs and in-depth interviews with 15 entrepreneurs, this study investigates how three dimensions of structural, relational, and cognitive social capital contribute to different aspects of entrepreneurial success. The results of the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis show that the structural dimension of social capital has a strong influence on business growth and innovation, the relational dimension has a significant impact on financial performance and sustainability, while the cognitive dimension contributes to business innovation and sustainability. Qualitative analysis reveals the importance of “authentic digital social capital” that emphasizes the quality of interactions and engagement over the quantity of connections. This study also finds a moderating effect of the type of digital venture and the stage of venture development, underscoring the importance of a contextual approach in social capital development strategies. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed in the context of developing a sustainable digital entrepreneurship ecosystem.
The Impact of Fintech on Financial Inclusion and Regional Economic Growth
This study analyzes the impact of financial technology (fintech) on financial inclusion and regional economic growth in Indonesia during the period 2018-2024 using a mixed methodology approach. The results show that fintech penetration in Indonesia has experienced significant growth especially since the COVID-19 pandemic, although with uneven geographical distribution. Quantitative analysis reveals a positive relationship between fintech adoption, financial inclusion indicators, and regional economic growth, with around 54% of the total effect of fintech penetration on GRDP per capita mediated by increased financial inclusion. This study identifies five main mechanisms that explain the impact of fintech: reduced transaction costs, expanded access to credit, formalization of the informal economy, accelerated entrepreneurship, and increased geographic inclusiveness. It also finds that the impact of fintech is greater in rural and remote areas than in urban areas, highlighting its potential to reduce the gap in access to finance between regions. Internet infrastructure, digital literacy, and regulatory quality play important moderating roles in strengthening the positive impact of fintech. The existence of spatial spillover effects suggests that the economic benefits of fintech can spread to surrounding areas. This study recommends a series of policies to maximize the potential of fintech as a catalyst for inclusive regional economic development in Indonesia.
Evaluation of the Impact of the Public-Private Partnership Program in Economic Infrastructure Development
This study examines the impact of Public-Private Partnership (PPP) programs on economic infrastructure development in Indonesia using a mixed methodological approach and a multi-dimensional evaluation framework. Based on an analysis of 30 PPP projects implemented during the period 2010-2023, the study finds that the PPP model produces an average cost efficiency of 17.3% higher and project completion is 22% faster than conventional procurement. Econometric analysis confirms a significant positive correlation between PPP investment and regional economic growth with an elasticity coefficient of 0.28 ( p<0.01). However, the geographical distribution of PPP projects is still concentrated in Java Island (62%), indicating inequality in program implementation. Multi-criteria evaluation using the Composite Performance Index (CCI) shows performance variations across sectors with telecommunications scoring the highest (74.2 ) , followed by energy (71.8), transportation (65.3), and water (58.2). Factor analysis identifies the governance dimension as the largest contributor to PPP success (38% of the variance), while the environmental dimension consistently scores the lowest. Eight critical factors for the success of PPP implementation were identified, including the quality of project preparation, proportional risk allocation, and long-term political commitment. Key challenges in PPP implementation include suboptimal inter-agency coordination, limited government technical capacity, and a regulatory framework that needs to be improved. The study concludes that the PPP model has significant potential to accelerate infrastructure development, but requires comprehensive policy reforms in institutional, regulatory, and capacity-building aspects to optimize its benefits for inclusive and sustainable economic development.
The Effectiveness of Monetary Policy in Controlling Inflation: Comparative Perspective of Emerging Markets Economies
This study analyzes the effectiveness of monetary policy in controlling inflation from a comparative perspective in seven emerging market countries during the period 2010-2023. Using panel data analysis and event study methods, this study investigates the factors that influence monetary policy transmission and its impact on price stability. Empirical results show that a 100 basis point increase in the benchmark interest rate is associated with an average decrease in the inflation rate of 0.76 percent , but with substantial variation across countries (elasticity coefficients range from -0.42 to -1.18). Central bank independence, the level of financial market development, and external vulnerability are identified as the main determinants of monetary policy effectiveness. Countries with a higher central bank independence index show better success in controlling inflation, while a high degree of economic dollarization is correlated with lower monetary policy effectiveness. This study also reveals a significant interaction between monetary and fiscal policies, where high fiscal deficits tend to reduce the effectiveness of monetary policy. These findings highlight the importance of institutional reforms, domestic financial market development, and economic policy coordination as prerequisites for effective monetary policy in emerging m countries.
Culture as a Tourism Magnet A Systematic Review of the Influence of Local Traditions on Visitor Engagement in Tourism Destinations
This study explores the influence of local traditions on visitor engagement in tourism destinations, focusing on traditional elements such as music, cuisine, and crafts. Through a systematic review of relevant literature, we found that these elements not only enhance destination image but also enhance visitor satisfaction and loyalty. Cultural festivals play an important role in building emotional connections between visitors and local communities. However, there is a gap in existing research, especially regarding the interaction between traditional elements and the negative impacts of cultural integration in tourism, such as the potential erosion of cultural identity and conflicts between visitors and local communities. This study recommends the need for further studies to understand the dynamics of traditional interactions, as well as the challenges in cultural event management, to support sustainable and inclusive tourism development. These findings are expected to provide insights for destination managers and policymakers in designing more effective strategies to utilize local cultural richness.
Hak Cipta (c) 2024 Journal of Economic Growth and Development Review
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Economic Transformation Towards Sustainable Development
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have become a crucial global framework in encouraging economic transformation towards sustainable development. This article examines how the SDGs agenda influences economic paradigm changes in various countries, as well as the challenges and opportunities that arise in the implementation process. Through analysis of comparative case studies from several countries, this research identifies key strategies and best practices in aligning economic policies with sustainable development goals. Key findings show that successful economic transformation depends on cross-sector policy integration, technological innovation, active involvement of the private sector, and strong international cooperation. The COVID-19 pandemic has also highlighted the importance of building a more resilient and adaptive economic system. Despite significant progress, implementation gaps remain a major challenge, especially in terms of financing and capacity development. This article concludes that achieving the SDGs requires a fundamental transformation in the way we understand and manage economic development, with an emphasis on a holistic approach that balances economic growth, social inclusion and environmental sustainability. The implications of this research highlight the need for accelerated efforts and policy innovation to realize the vision of sustainable development promoted by the SDGs.
Human Resource Development Strategy to Support Sustainable Economic Growth
This research examines the strategic role of human resource (HR) development in supporting sustainable economic growth. Using a mixed methods approach, this study combines secondary data analysis from international organizations, comparative case studies from three countries with different levels of economic development, a Delphi survey with 20 experts, and in-depth interviews with 15 key stakeholders. The research results show a strong positive correlation between investment in human resource development and sustainable economic growth. The three main strategies identified are education system reform with a focus on 21st century skills, industry-based training through public-private partnerships, and flexible labor market policies. The impact of this strategy varies across economic sectors, with technology and renewable energy sectors showing the greatest benefits. The conceptual model developed emphasizes the importance of a holistic approach in human resource development. This study concludes that strategic investment in human resource development is the key to achieving sustainable and inclusive economic growth, especially in the face of rapid technological change. Policy implications and recommendations for future research are also discussed.
Financial Innovation in the Time of Pandemic: Economic Response and Global Financial Challenges
The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered an unprecedented transformation in the global financial landscape, driving rapid innovation in response to emerging economic challenges. This research analyzes the impact of the pandemic on financial innovation, investigating changes in consumer behavior, technology adoption and regulatory responses. Using a mixed methods approach, the study integrates quantitative data analysis from global surveys and industry statistics with qualitative insights from interviews with experts. Results show a significant acceleration in the adoption of digital financial services, with a 72% increase in mobile banking use and a 58% increase in contactless payments. The research also reveals increasing interest in Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs) among global central banks, with 86% actively researching their potential. Although these innovations increase financial inclusion, especially in developing countries, challenges such as cybersecurity and the digital divide remain. This study highlights the need for an adaptive regulatory framework to balance innovation with financial system stability. In conclusion, the pandemic has been a catalyst for digital transformation in the financial sector, with long-term implications for monetary policy, financial inclusion and the global financial architecture. This research provides valuable insights for policymakers, financial institutions and researchers in navigating the post-pandemic financial landscape and leveraging innovation for greater economic resilience.
Digital Transformation: Changes in the Global Economic Paradigm in the Era of Digitalization
The era of digitalization has fundamentally changed the global economic paradigm, presenting unprecedented opportunities and challenges. This research examines the impact of digital transformation on economic structure, labor markets and global business dynamics. Using a qualitative approach with secondary data analysis and literature study, this research reveals significant trends in digital technology adoption in various regions, shifts in the contribution of economic sectors to global GDP, and the evolution of demand for workforce skills. Results show a rapid increase in digital technology adoption, with gaps still existing between developed and developing countries. The information technology sector is emerging as a major contributor to economic growth, while demand for technology-related skills and soft skills is increasing sharply. The research also identifies critical policy challenges, including bridging the digital divide, managing workforce transitions, and designing effective regulatory frameworks. In conclusion, digital transformation demands rapid adaptation from all stakeholders and a collaborative approach to maximize benefits while mitigating emerging risks. The implications of this research include the need for continued investment in digital infrastructure, education system reform, and the development of a comprehensive national strategy to face the digital economy era.
Income Inequality: Socio-Economic Challenges of the 21st Century and Efforts to Overcome Them
Income inequality has become one of the most significant socio-economic challenges of the 21st century. This research examines global inequality trends, analyzes the causal factors, and evaluates efforts to overcome them. Using data from a variety of trusted sources, the study finds a consistent increase in global income inequality since the 1980s, with the Gini ratio increasing from 0.61 to 0.67. Factors such as globalization, automation, and economic policies contribute to this trend. The impact of inequality extends to various aspects, including social mobility, community cohesion and economic growth. Although some policy interventions have shown positive results, their implementation faces significant challenges. This research concludes that a multidimensional and collaborative approach is needed to effectively address income inequality. Recommendations include integrated policy reform, increased investment in education and social protection, and stronger international cooperation. This study emphasizes the urgency of coordinated action to build a fairer society and a sustainable economy in the global era.
The Impact of Climate Change on Economic Growth and Development in Sub-Saharan Africa
Climate change harms economic sectors in sub-Saharan Africa, especially agriculture, tourism, forestry, and the energy sector. By 2050, climate change could cost more than 3 percent of GDP and threaten more than 100 million people in Africa with food insecurity, poverty, and displacement. Several African countries, such as Ethiopia, have agreed on several action plans to strengthen measures to combat climate change, such as developing light industry, aviation, and infrastructure. This study aims to analyze how climate change affects productivity and economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa and make policy recommendations to reduce these adverse effects.
The Role of regional integration in promoting economic Growth and development: A Regional and Comparative Analysis of the European Union and MERCOSUR
This article examines the Role of regional integration in promoting economic Growth and development using a regional and comparative analysis between the European Union (EU) and MERCOSUR (Mercado Común and del Sur). The author shows that regional integration can offer more extensive markets, freer trade, closer cooperation, and more excellent stability. However, the author also acknowledges the challenges and obstacles that the two regional blocs face, such as differences in economic, political, and social structures, imbalance of power, conflict of interest, and lack of coordination and consensus. The author suggests that the EU and MERCOSUR can learn from each other's experiences and increase dialogue and cooperation to solve their problems and achieve common goals.
Strategies and Policies to Strengthen Economic Growth in the Middle East and North Africa Region
This paper aims to analyze strategies and policies that can improve economic growth and development in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. This study uses a regional and comparative approach to identify the factors influencing a region's economic performance. Research results show that the Middle East and the Middle East have great potential to improve economic growth and development by exploiting natural resources, human capital, trade, investment, and regional integration. The region faces political conflict, social instability, income inequality, corruption, and a lack of structural reforms. This study, therefore, recommends some strategies and policies that MENA countries can implement to overcome these barriers and create an environment conducive to economic growth and development.
The impact of economic growth and development on inequality and poverty
This research aims to find out the relationship between inequality and poverty and economic growth and development. This study uses panel data from 158 countries from 1960 to 2010. The results show that the correlation between growth and poverty is consistently negative: a 10 percent drop in the poverty rate is associated with an increase in GDP per capita of 0.5- 1.2% per year. On the other hand, the correlation between growth and inequality is empirically delicate - it can be positive or negative depending on the empirical definitions and the econometric approach used. However, the indirect effect of inequality on economic growth through its correlation with poverty is strongly negative. In this case, the study's results suggest that the high-poor samples' results drive these results.
Quality of human capital and economic growth
The quality of human capital is a separate capital that can be compared to physical capital when creating production in the country. Therefore, improving the quality of human capital is very strategic in terms of economic growth, and the article also claims that there are two critical points in the correlation between human capital and economic growth. First, human capital must be given the same priority as other factors of economic growth. Second, human capital has a significant impact economic growth. Poor quality of human capital can negatively affect economic growth. It is known that the quality of human capital is a type of capital that can be identified with physical capital/natural resources when creating production in a country. Therefore, improving the quality of human capital is very strategic from the point of view of economic growth. At this point, we recognize two essential points in the correlation between human capital and economic growth. First, human capital must be given the same priority as other factors of economic growth. Second, human capital has a significant impact economic growth.
Opportunities and challenges Economic growth and development in the context of natural resources and energy
Natural resources and energy are essential factors for economic growth and development. However, unsustainable use of natural resources and energy can harm the environment and human health. Sustainable use of natural resources and energy can increase economic growth and development. In addition, this article also discusses the challenges of sustainable use of natural resources and energy. One solution is the development of environmentally friendly technology. In addition, the state can encourage companies to use natural resources and energy sustainably.